Baader-Meinhof Gang

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Definition

Proper noun: - A radical left-wing revolutionary terrorist organization: The Baader-Meinhof Gang, also known as the Red Army Faction (RAF), was a militant group active in West Germany. It was founded in 1970 and engaged in bombings, assassinations, kidnappings, and bank robberies, motivated by a far-left, anti-imperialist ideology opposing what it perceived as a fascist state and U.S. imperialism. The group was named after its early leaders, Andreas Baader and Ulrike Meinhof.

Usage Examples
  • Proper noun:
    • The Baader-Meinhof Gang conducted a series of high-profile attacks in the 1970s.
    • Journalist Ulrike Meinhof was a founding member of the Baader-Meinhof Gang.
    • The government's pursuit of the Baader-Meinhof Gang defined a period of German history known as the "German Autumn."
Advanced Usage
  • Historical and academic context: The term is used primarily in historical, political, and sociological discussions about 20th-century European terrorism, state response, and radical left-wing movements.
    • Scholars analyze the Baader-Meinhof Gang as a case study in urban guerrilla warfare.
Variants and Related Words
  • Red Army Faction (RAF): The official name the group used for itself, often used interchangeably with "Baader-Meinhof Gang" in historical accounts.
  • Baader-Meinhof Group: A less common variant with the same meaning.
Synonyms
  • Red Army Faction (RAF): The primary synonym.
  • The Group (in specific historical context): Used anaphorically after the full name has been introduced.
Notes on Meaning
  • The term specifically refers to the West German terrorist organization active from 1970 until its effective dissolution in 1977, though remnants persisted into the 1990s. It is not a general term for any gang or terrorist group. The name "Baader-Meinhof Gang" was initially used by the media and was later adopted in common usage, though the group referred to itself as the Red Army Faction.
Noun
  1. a radical left-wing revolutionary terrorist group active in Germany from 1968 until 1977

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